Southeast Iowa Crop Conditions

SE of Storm Lake, planting has been seen throughout. The week of April 10th brought above average temperatures leading to quickly increasing soil temperatures. Percent planted for both crops increase the further south and east you go. By all accounts soil conditions were very good the second half of last week (during which time the bulk of the planting occurred) before cool temperatures and light precipitation arrived by the weekend. Wide spread planting has not resumed. In the southern and eastern half of this region, it is not uncommon for producers to have much of their corn in the ground. Subsoil moisture remains short but enough for seeds to germinate. Warm, uniform soil temperatures help promote uniform emergence. This aids in uniform pollination later in the growing season which correlates with yield potential.

Spring temperatures can be a roller coaster so it is important to remember that corn can handle below freezing temperatures after emergence for some time due to its growing point remaining underground until V6 or the 6th collar leaf. Soybeans on the other hand have their growing point exposed once they break through the soil surface. This makes them very susceptible temperatures at and below 32 degrees. In recent years it has become popular to push the soybean planting date as early as possible. In doing so, yield potential and earlier harvest can be obtained but increased risk from frost damage or soil-borne disease also increases. Replant policies on treated soybeans with most seed brands are usually fairly favorable for some growers to take the increased risk especially if the soil conditions are good and extended forecast looks positive.